25 short question-answer  on Haloalkanes : Basic Concepts What are haloalkanes? → Organic compounds containing a halogen (X = F, Cl, Br, I) attached to an alkyl group. How are haloalkanes classified? → Based on the carbon to which halogen is attached: Primary (1°): R-CH₂-X Secondary (2°): R₂-CH-X Tertiary (3°): R₃-C-X Which is more reactive: alkyl halides or aryl halides? → Alkyl halides, because aryl halides have resonance stabilization. Which is the best leaving group among halogens? → I⁻ (Iodide) because it is the largest and weakest base. Why do haloalkanes have higher boiling points than alkanes? → Due to dipole-dipole interactions and van der Waals forces. Preparation of Haloalkanes How is chloromethane prepared from methane? → By free radical halogenation: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl (in sunlight) How can alcohols be converted to haloalkanes? → By using: HCl, HBr, or HI PCl₅, PCl₃, SOCl₂ (best method for Cl) What is the best me...

.. Solutions Chapter: Quick Revision Q&A Basic Concepts and Concentration Terms Q: Define a solution . A: A homogeneous mixture of two or more chemically non-reacting substances whose composition can be varied within certain limits. Q: What are the two main components of a binary solution ? A: Solute (lesser amount) and Solvent (greater amount). Q: Define Mass Percentage ( %   w / w ). A: Mass of the component in the solution divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100. Q: Define Molarity ( M ). A: The number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution . ( M = Volume of solution in L Moles of solute ​ ). Q: Define Molality ( m ). A: The number of moles of solute dissolved per kilogram of solvent . ( m = Mass of solvent in kg Moles of solute ​ ). Q: Which concentration term is temperature-independent ? A: Molality ( m ) and Mole Fraction ( χ ) , as they involve mass/moles, ...