Fundamental Molecular Geometries

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Fundamental Molecular Geometries

🢂 CLICK AND DRAG TO ROTATE MOLECULE 🢀

Central Atom

Bonded Atom

Concept Quiz

Fundamental Electron Geometries

VSEPR Theory dictates that electron pairs surrounding a central atom will position themselves as far apart as mathematically possible to minimize electrostatic repulsion. The number of electron domains (bonds + lone pairs) determines the fundamental symmetric geometry.

Steric Number (SN) = # of Bonded Atoms

When there are ZERO lone pairs, the Molecular Shape is identical to the Electron Geometry. This simulation demonstrates these 6 perfect, symmetrical base shapes.

Geometry Selection

Select Fundamental Shape Linear (SN = 2) Trigonal Planar (SN = 3) Tetrahedral (SN = 4) Trigonal Bipyramidal (SN = 5) Octahedral (SN = 6) Pentagonal Bipyramidal (SN = 7)

Structural Data

Shape Name Tetrahedral

Ideal Bond Angle(s) 109.5°

Hybridization sp³

Example Molecule CH₄, CCl₄

3D Interaction Tip Click and drag freely across the canvas to inspect the angles and symmetry from any perspective. The camera supports full 360° unconstrained rotation.

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