Carbylamine Test Simulator

Carbylamine (Isocyanide) Test

A specific qualitative test to detect Primary (1°) Amines (aliphatic or aromatic).

1. Setup Experiment

Select Unknown Compound

Aniline (Primary Aromatic 1°) Ethylamine (Primary Aliphatic 1°) Diethylamine (Secondary 2°) Triethylamine (Tertiary 3°)

2. Observation

Sensory Output None

Status: Standby.
Select an amine. Chloroform (CHCl₃) and alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) will be added, and the mixture will be gently heated.

3. Chemical Principles

Mechanism: Base (KOH) removes a proton from chloroform to form a highly reactive, electrophilic dichlorocarbene (:CCl₂) intermediate.

Primary amines act as nucleophiles, attacking the carbene to ultimately form an Isocyanide (Carbylamine).

Secondary and tertiary amines cannot undergo this full sequence and do not form isocyanides.

⚠ EXTREMELY FOUL ODOR DETECTED ⚠

Visual Key

Amine Solution

Boiling Liquid (Heat)

Isocyanide Vapors (Foul Odor)

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