CHEMCA
Inorganic Salt Analysis Lab Anions
Qualitative Anion Identification for JEE & NEET
Interactive Sandbox Active
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Study Mode
1. Lab Configuration
❓ Anion is masked. Diagnose it!
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2. Reagent Shelf
Group Reagents (Preliminary)
Confirmatory & Wet Tests
Gaseous & Exposure Tests
COLD
GAS EVOLVING
Added Reagent
NONE
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3. Live Lab Log
>> Initialized sample salt. Ready for testing.
Select an acid or chemical reagent from the shelf to begin.
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Interactive Observation Analyzer (JEE/NEET Detailed Desk)
Visual & Physical States
Solution Color:
Clear
Precipitate Texture:
No Precipitate
Gas Odor / Smell:
None detected
Gas Color:
Colorless
Receiver/Paper Result:
N/A
Experimental Mechanism
Select reagents from the shelf. Complete chemical analysis will reflect here with critical exam takeaways.
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Observation matches experimental NCERT/JEE practical guidelines.
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Balanced Diagnostic Equations
Trigger a reaction to view the balanced inorganic diagnostic equations.
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Score: 0/5
JEE/NEET Anion Quiz
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High Yield Inorganic Tricks & NCERT Practical Sync
👑 Brown Ring Complex:
The brown color is due to the complex charge transfer of $\text{NO}^+$ ligand:
[Fe(H₂O)₅NO]SO₄
Iron is in highly anomalous +1 oxidation state ($\text{3d}^7$).
🧪 Chromyl Chloride Test:
Confirms Chloride ions. Salt is heated with solid $\text{K}_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7$ & conc. $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$:
CrO₂Cl₂ (Deep Red Vapors)
Note: Not shown by $\text{Hg}_2\text{Cl}_2$, $\text{HgCl}_2$, $\text{AgCl}$, $\text{PbCl}_2$, $\text{SnCl}_4$ due to covalent bonds.
📖 Qualitative Chemistry: Classification of Acid Radicals (Anions)
Group I (Dilute H₂SO₄ Group)
Anions which are decomposed by dilute strong acids to liberate volatile acid gases:
- Carbonate ($\text{CO}_3^{2-}$): $\text{CO}_2$ gas (colorless, odorless, brisk effervescence).
- Sulfide ($\text{S}^{2-}$): $\text{H}_2\text{S}$ gas (colorless, rotten egg odor).
- Sulfite ($\text{SO}_3^{2-}$): $\text{SO}_2$ gas (pungent, suffocating burning-sulfur smell).
- Nitrite ($\text{NO}_2^-$): $\text{NO}_2$ gas (reddish brown fumes on heating).
Group II (Concentrated H₂SO₄ Group)
Decomposed only by concentrated sulfuric acid due to higher activation barrier:
- Chloride ($\text{Cl}^-$): $\text{HCl}$ gas (gives dense white fumes with $\text{NH}_4\text{OH}$).
- Bromide ($\text{Br}^-$): $\text{Br}_2$ vapors (reddish brown, intensity increases on adding $\text{MnO}_2$).
- Iodide ($\text{I}^-$): $\text{I}_2$ vapors (deep violet color, turns starch paper blue).
- Nitrate ($\text{NO}_3^-$): $\text{NO}_2$ fumes (intensified on heating with copper turnings).
Group III (Independent / Wet-Test Group)
Do not evolve gases with acids. Decomposed or identified via specific precipitation wet tests:
- Sulfate ($\text{SO}_4^{2-}$): Combines with $\text{Ba}^{2+}$ to form highly stable crystalline white $\text{BaSO}_4$ precipitate that is insoluble in concentrated mineral acids ($\text{HCl}$, $\text{HNO}_3$).
- Helps distinguish between sulfate and highly active sulfites or thiosulfates under severe analytical criteria.
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