100 Most Important Oxides & Their Nature
🔹 Acidic Oxides
(Generally oxides of non-metals & high oxidation state metals; dissolve in water to give acids)
1. CO₂ → Acidic (forms H₂CO₃)
2. SO₂ → Acidic (forms H₂SO₃)
3. SO₃ → Acidic (forms H₂SO₄)
4. NO₂ → Acidic (forms HNO₃/HNO₂)
5. N₂O₃ → Acidic (forms HNO₂)
6. N₂O₅ → Acidic (forms HNO₃)
7. Cl₂O → Acidic (forms HClO)
8. Cl₂O₇ → Acidic (forms HClO₄)
9. Br₂O₅ → Acidic (forms HBrO₃)
10. I₂O₅ → Acidic (forms HIO₃)
11. P₂O₃ → Acidic (forms H₃PO₃)
12. P₂O₅ → Acidic (forms H₃PO₄)
13. B₂O₃ → Acidic (forms H₃BO₃)
14. SiO₂ → Acidic (forms H₂SiO₃)
15. As₂O₅ → Acidic (forms H₃AsO₄)
16. V₂O₅ → Acidic (forms vanadic acid, HVO₃)
17. CrO₃ → Acidic (forms H₂CrO₄)
18. Mn₂O₇ → Acidic (forms HMnO₄)
19. Re₂O₇ → Acidic (forms HReO₄)
20. OsO₄ → Acidic but also oxidizing
🔹 Basic Oxides
(Generally oxides of metals in low oxidation states; react with acids to form salts)
21. Na₂O → Basic (forms NaOH)
22. K₂O → Basic (forms KOH)
23. Rb₂O → Basic
24. Cs₂O → Basic
25. Li₂O → Basic (forms LiOH)
26. CaO → Basic (lime, forms Ca(OH)₂)
27. SrO → Basic
28. BaO → Basic
29. MgO → Basic (slightly amphoteric in very strong acid/base)
30. BeO → Weakly amphoteric, but often considered basic
31. Cu₂O → Basic
32. FeO → Basic
33. MnO → Basic
34. PbO → Basic (though amphoteric tendencies exist)
35. SnO → Basic (but also amphoteric nature shown)
36. CoO → Basic
37. NiO → Basic
38. ZnO (at high base conc. amphoteric, but generally basic)
39. HgO → Weakly basic
40. Ag₂O → Basic
🔹 Amphoteric Oxides
(React with both acids & bases; characteristic of metalloids and some transition metals)
41. Al₂O₃ → Amphoteric
42. ZnO → Amphoteric
43. PbO → Amphoteric
44. SnO → Amphoteric
45. SnO₂ → Amphoteric
46. PbO₂ → Amphoteric
47. Cr₂O₃ → Amphoteric
48. BeO → Amphoteric
49. Ga₂O₃ → Amphoteric
50. In₂O₃ → Amphoteric
51. Tl₂O₃ → Amphoteric
52. V₂O₃ → Amphoteric
53. TiO₂ → Amphoteric
54. ZrO₂ → Amphoteric
55. HfO₂ → Amphoteric
56. Nb₂O₅ → Amphoteric
57. Ta₂O₅ → Amphoteric
58. MoO₂ → Amphoteric
59. WO₃ → Amphoteric
60. UO₂ → Amphoteric
🔹 Neutral Oxides
(Do not react with acids or bases; mostly diatomic nonmetal oxides)
61. CO → Neutral
62. NO → Neutral
63. N₂O → Neutral
64. H₂O → Neutral (though amphoteric in Bronsted sense)
65. O₂ → Neutral (does not react like acid/base)
66. NO₂ (shows both acidic + neutral behavior, borderline)
67. SO → Neutral (rare, unstable)
68. Cl₂O₆ → Neutral/acidic mix behavior
69. N₂O₄ → Neutral in solid, acid anhydride in gas
70. SiO → Neutral
🔹 Transition Metal Oxides (Varied Nature by Oxidation State)
Vanadium Oxides
71. V₂O₃ → Amphoteric
72. VO₂ → Amphoteric
73. V₂O₅ → Acidic
Chromium Oxides
74. CrO → Basic
75. Cr₂O₃ → Amphoteric
76. CrO₃ → Acidic
Manganese Oxides
77. MnO → Basic
78. Mn₂O₃ → Amphoteric
79. MnO₂ → Amphoteric
80. Mn₂O₇ → Acidic
81. FeO → Basic
82. Fe₂O₃ → Amphoteric (but largely basic)
83. Fe₃O₄ → Mixed oxide (FeO + Fe₂O₃)
Cobalt Oxides
84. CoO → Basic
85. Co₂O₃ → Amphoteric
Nickel Oxides
86. NiO → Basic
87. Ni₂O₃ → Amphoteric
Copper Oxides
88. Cu₂O → Basic
89. CuO → Amphoteric
Zinc Oxides
90. ZnO → Amphoteric
Lead Oxides
91. PbO → Amphoteric
92. PbO₂ → Amphoteric
Tin Oxides
93. SnO → Amphoteric
94. SnO₂ → Amphoteric
Silver Oxide
95. Ag₂O → Basic
Mercury Oxides
96. Hg₂O → Basic
97. HgO → Basic
Titanium & Zirconium
98. TiO₂ → Amphoteric
99. ZrO₂ → Amphoteric
100. U₃O₈ → Amphoteric
⚖️ Quick Rule of Thumb
Nonmetal oxides→ Mostly acidic
Metal oxides→ Mostly basic
Metalloids/transition metals→ Often amphoteric
Neutral oxides→ CO, NO, N₂O, H₂O
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