Group 18 Compounds
Xenon Hexafluoride ($XeF_6$): Preparation, Structure & Reactions
Xenon Hexafluoride is a white crystalline solid and a powerful fluorinating agent. Its preparation requires more rigorous conditions compared to $XeF_2$ and $XeF_4$.
1. Preparation of Xenon Hexafluoride
$XeF_6$ is prepared by heating a mixture of Xenon and Fluorine in a 1:20 ratio at $573\text{K}$ and high pressure ($60-70\text{ bar}$).
Thermal Synthesis
$Xe(g) + 3F_2(g) \xrightarrow{573\text{ K}, 60-70\text{ bar}} XeF_6(s)$
Structure (VSEPR)
- Hybridization: $sp^3d^3$ (7 electron pairs: 6 bonding, 1 lone).
- Geometry: Pentagonal Bipyramidal.
- Shape: Distorted Octahedral (due to the lone pair).
Figure: Comprehensive Reaction Chart of Xenon Hexafluoride ($XeF_6$)
2. Chemical Properties & Reactions
$XeF_6$ reacts vigorously with water and acts as a Lewis base towards strong fluoride acceptors.
Key Chemical Reactions
- Complete Hydrolysis: Forms explosive Xenon Trioxide.
$XeF_6 + 3H_2O \rightarrow XeO_3 + 6HF$ - Partial Hydrolysis:
$XeF_6 + H_2O \rightarrow XeOF_4 + 2HF$
$XeF_6 + 2H_2O \rightarrow XeO_2F_2 + 4HF$ - Reaction with Fluoride Acceptors: Forms cationic species.
$XeF_6 + MF_5 \rightarrow [XeF_5]^+[MF_6]^-$ (where M = P, As, Sb)
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