Group 18 Compounds
Xenon Tetrafluoride ($XeF_4$): Preparation & Properties
Xenon Tetrafluoride is a white crystalline solid that sublimes readily. It serves as a classic example of noble gas reactivity under high temperature and pressure conditions.
1. Preparation of Xenon Tetrafluoride
$XeF_4$ is prepared by heating a mixture of Xenon and Fluorine in a 1:5 ratio at $873\text{K}$ and 7 bar pressure.
Thermal Synthesis
$Xe(g) + 2F_2(g) \xrightarrow{873\text{ K}, 7\text{ bar}} XeF_4(s)$
Structure (VSEPR)
- Hybridization: $sp^3d^2$ (6 electron pairs: 4 bonding, 2 lone).
- Geometry: Octahedral.
- Shape: Square Planar (Lone pairs occupy axial positions to minimize repulsion).
Figure: Comprehensive Reaction Chart of Xenon Tetrafluoride ($XeF_4$)
2. Chemical Properties & Reactions
$XeF_4$ acts as a strong fluorinating agent and is easily hydrolyzed by water.
Key Chemical Reactions
- Hydrolysis: Violent reaction yielding explosive $\text{XeO}_3$.
$6XeF_4 + 12H_2O \rightarrow 4Xe + 2XeO_3 + 24HF + 3O_2$ - Reaction with Lewis Acids: Forms cationic species.
$XeF_4 + SbF_5 \rightarrow [XeF_3]^+[SbF_6]^-$
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