Gaseous vs Aqueous Alkali Ions
Observe how water flips the size trend of Group 1 metals.
The Hydration Paradox
Select an ion above to view its properties. In the gas phase, ions are bare. In water, they attract a shell of water molecules.
Note: Oxygen atoms (red) in the water molecules orient themselves towards the positive cation due to their partial negative charge (ion-dipole interaction).
Gaseous Phase (Bare Ion)
Ionic Radius
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Charge Density
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Aqueous Phase (Solvated Ion)
Hydrated Radius
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Ionic Mobility
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Lecture Notes
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