F-Center Defect
▼When alkali metal halides (like NaCl) are heated in an atmosphere of alkali metal vapor, anion vacancies are formed. These anionic vacancies are occupied by unpaired electrons called F-Centers.
The name comes from the German word 'Farbzentrum' (Farbe = Color, Zentrum = Center), because these trapped electrons absorb visible light, imparting color to the normally transparent crystal (e.g., NaCl turns yellow).
Cation (e.g., Na⁺)
Anion (e.g., Cl⁻)
Trapped Electron (F-Center)
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