Conductometric Titration Virtual Laboratory

CHEMCA

Conductometric Titration Virtual Lab G vs V

Electrochemical Analysis & Ionic Mobilities for JEE & NEET

Interactive Conductivity Cell Active www.chemca.in

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1. Titration Parameter

Select Acid-Base System Strong Acid vs Strong Base (HCl vs NaOH) Weak Acid vs Strong Base (CH₃COOH vs NaOH) Strong Acid vs Weak Base (HCl vs NH₄OH) Weak Acid vs Weak Base (CH₃COOH vs NH₄OH)

In Burette (Titrant) 1.0 M NaOH

In Beaker (Analyte) 0.1 M HCl (50 mL)

💡 JEE/NEET Alert: The titrant is purposefully chosen to be 10 times more concentrated than the analyte. This minimizes volume dilution effects during titration, ensuring nearly linear conductometric segments!

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2. Flow Controllers

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3. Live Microscopic Ion Watcher

Digital Conductometer 42.50 mS/cm

Volume Added 0.00 mL

0 mL246810

OFF

HCl Solution

Conductance Indicator Mode

Adding Na⁺ + OH⁻ to H⁺ + Cl⁻

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4. Live Lab Log & Mechanism

>> Lab Initialized. Beaker contains 50 mL of 0.1 M HCl.

Add titrant from the shelf to begin measurements.

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5. Conductance Plotter

Extrapolations

Intersection Pt: 5.00 mL

Plot Curve Linear Intersections

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Equivalence Calculator

Verify stoichiometry using $N_1V_1 = N_2V_2$. Leave one parameter blank to solve.

N₁ (Acid)

V₁ (Acid, mL)

N₂ (Base)

V₂ (Base, mL)

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JEE/NEET Quick Quiz

Score: 0/5

📖 Qualitative Chemistry: Ionic Mobilities & Conductance Curves Explained

Theoretical Foundation

Conductometric titrations are governed by Ohm’s Law. The measured electrical conductance ($G$) of an electrolyte solution depends directly on the concentration and individual mobilities of dissolved ions:

$$G = \frac{1}{R} = \sum_{i} C_i \cdot \lambda_i$$

Where $C_i$ represents concentrations and $\lambda_i$ indicates equivalent ionic conductivities.

Relative Ionic Mobilities (S cm² mol⁻¹)

At $25^\circ\text{C}$, the molar conductivities at infinite dilution exhibit highly unequal values due to different charge densities and proton-hopping mechanisms:

• $\text{H}^+$ (349.6) - Extremely fast (Grothuss hopping).
• $\text{OH}^-$ (198.3) - Highly conducting.
• $\text{NH}_4^+$ (73.5) / $\text{Cl}^-$ (76.3) - Moderate.
• $\text{Na}^+$ (50.1) / $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-$ (40.9) - Slower.

Slope Mechanism Analysis

• HCl vs NaOH: Initial drop is highly steep because ultra-fast $\text{H}^+$ ions are systematically neutralized and replaced by slower $\text{Na}^+$ ions. After equivalence, excess $\text{OH}^-$ addition causes a sharp rise.
• CH₃COOH vs NaOH: Initial small drop due to common ion suppression. Then conductance rises as highly ionized sodium acetate salt replaces poorly dissociated acetic acid.

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