CHEMCA - Anion Salt Analysis Virtual Laboratory (JEE/NEET)

CHEMCA

Inorganic Salt Analysis Lab Anions

Qualitative Anion Identification for JEE & NEET

Interactive Sandbox Active www.chemca.in

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1. Lab Configuration

Study Mode

Target Acid Radical (Anion)

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2. Reagent Shelf

Group Reagents (Preliminary)

Confirmatory & Wet Tests

Gaseous & Exposure Tests

COLD

Added Reagent NONE

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3. Live Lab Log

>> Initialized sample salt. Ready for testing.

Select an acid or chemical reagent from the shelf to begin.

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Interactive Observation Analyzer (JEE/NEET Detailed Desk)

Visual & Physical States

Solution Color: Clear

Precipitate Texture: No Precipitate

Gas Odor / Smell: None detected

Gas Color: Colorless

Receiver/Paper Result: N/A

Experimental Mechanism

Select reagents from the shelf. Complete chemical analysis will reflect here with critical exam takeaways.

💡 Observation matches experimental NCERT/JEE practical guidelines.

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Balanced Diagnostic Equations

Trigger a reaction to view the balanced inorganic diagnostic equations.

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JEE/NEET Anion Quiz

Score: 0/5

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High Yield Inorganic Tricks & NCERT Practical Sync

👑 Brown Ring Complex: The brown color is due to the complex charge transfer of $\text{NO}^+$ ligand:

[Fe(H₂O)₅NO]SO₄

Iron is in highly anomalous +1 oxidation state ($\text{3d}^7$).

🧪 Chromyl Chloride Test: Confirms Chloride ions. Salt is heated with solid $\text{K}_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7$ & conc. $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$:

CrO₂Cl₂ (Deep Red Vapors)

Note: Not shown by $\text{Hg}_2\text{Cl}_2$, $\text{HgCl}_2$, $\text{AgCl}$, $\text{PbCl}_2$, $\text{SnCl}_4$ due to covalent bonds.

📖 Qualitative Chemistry: Classification of Acid Radicals (Anions)

Group I (Dilute H₂SO₄ Group)

Anions which are decomposed by dilute strong acids to liberate volatile acid gases:

Carbonate ($\text{CO}_3^{2-}$): $\text{CO}_2$ gas (colorless, odorless, brisk effervescence).
Sulfide ($\text{S}^{2-}$): $\text{H}_2\text{S}$ gas (colorless, rotten egg odor).
Sulfite ($\text{SO}_3^{2-}$): $\text{SO}_2$ gas (pungent, suffocating burning-sulfur smell).
Nitrite ($\text{NO}_2^-$): $\text{NO}_2$ gas (reddish brown fumes on heating).

Group II (Concentrated H₂SO₄ Group)

Decomposed only by concentrated sulfuric acid due to higher activation barrier:

Chloride ($\text{Cl}^-$): $\text{HCl}$ gas (gives dense white fumes with $\text{NH}_4\text{OH}$).
Bromide ($\text{Br}^-$): $\text{Br}_2$ vapors (reddish brown, intensity increases on adding $\text{MnO}_2$).
Iodide ($\text{I}^-$): $\text{I}_2$ vapors (deep violet color, turns starch paper blue).
Nitrate ($\text{NO}_3^-$): $\text{NO}_2$ fumes (intensified on heating with copper turnings).

Group III (Independent / Wet-Test Group)

Do not evolve gases with acids. Decomposed or identified via specific precipitation wet tests:

Sulfate ($\text{SO}_4^{2-}$): Combines with $\text{Ba}^{2+}$ to form highly stable crystalline white $\text{BaSO}_4$ precipitate that is insoluble in concentrated mineral acids ($\text{HCl}$, $\text{HNO}_3$).
Helps distinguish between sulfate and highly active sulfites or thiosulfates under severe analytical criteria.